冬至，爱至！这些都是佛山人独特的冬至记忆 Winter solstice in Foshan

Wild Foshan 佛山好嘢 第64期

关键词：冬至

Key word:Winter solstice in Foshan

在佛山过冬至，少不了冬至腊味饭的味道！“肥冬瘦年”、“冬至大过年”，是所有的佛山人从小就知道的两句谚语。今天冬至，这些该做的事情你都做了吗？

In Foshan, you should smell the taste of the preserved meat in the winter solstice! Proverbs like "Winter solstice is even more important than new year" are well-known by Foshan people since childhood. Since this Saturday marks the winter solstice, how will you spend this holiday?

冬至的历史

History of the winter solstice

冬至的起源悠久。人们将冬至称为“小年”，是因为周代建子，以十一月为正月，作为新的一年的开始；秦汉续沿了这个制度，让这个观念一直流传到今天。汉代改称冬至为“冬节”、“日至”，从南北朝至唐宋称冬至为“亚岁”或“岁首”。

Since November was considered as the beginning of a new year in Zhou Dynasty, the winter solstice was called “Xiaonian” (similar to lunar new year) for a long time. 

冬至被视为重要节日，佛山人在冬至举行追念先祖的仪式，如宣读族谱、讲述家史等，其重视程度不逊于过新年，于是有了“冬至大过年”的说法。

Foshan people have the tradition to hold a ceremony to memorize ancestors on the winter solstice, such as reading the genealogy and telling the family history. The winter solstice is regarded as an important festival, so there is a saying that “winter solstice is even more important than new year”.

佛山冬至要吃什么？

What do Foshan people eat on the winter solstice?

冬至这天，外出的人都要回家过冬节，表示年终有所归宿。在这个重要的节日，最重要的是要一家人吃一顿团圆饭！

On the winter solstice, people are supposed to go home for the winter festival, indicating that they have a closure at the end of the year. In this festival, the most important thing is to have a family dinner! What do Foshan people eat on the winter solstice?

1腊味糯米饭  Bacon glutinous rice

佛山不少家庭有冬至吃腊味糯米饭的传统，糯米饭寓意温暖，冬至吃了糯米饭，从年头到年尾都暖粒粒。佛山人冬至吃腊味糯米饭的习俗，已经有2000多年的历史了，他们擅长制作各种腊味，用以搭配糯米煮成饭，还有滋补功效，真是美味又有益，难怪是佛山人的最爱！

Many families have the tradition of eating the glutinous rice in the winter solstice. The glutinous rice means warmth. The custom of eating bacon glutinous rice in the winter solstice in Foshan has been lasting for more than 2,000 years. They are good at making all kinds of bacons, which are used to cook with glutinous rice.

2汤圆 Sweet dumplings

汤圆也是冬至期间佛山人一定要有的食物。佛山人传统上冬至所食的汤圆一定要是咸的，以沙葛、猪肉、虾米作馅，配以鸡汤，鲜美无比。不过今天也已经发展出了芝麻馅、花生馅，甚至巧克力、玫瑰蜜等新奇口味。无论是哪种，一家人一起吃了，都寓意团圆。坊间也有“吃过冬至汤圆，就涨一岁”的说法，可见汤圆在冬至中的地位！

The sweet dumplings are also a must-have for Foshan people on the winter solstice. The sweet dumplings must be salty, with pork and shrimp as fillings. Anyway, the family have dinner together and it means reunion. 

3云吞 Wonton

广东人口中的“云吞”，在全国其他地方还有很多叫法，但基本都算是人们冬至普遍要吃的一种食物。民间有“冬至馄饨夏至面”的说法，发展至今，名号繁多，制作各异，鲜香味美，深受人们喜爱。

Wonton, a kind of food that has many names in China, is generally served on the winter solstice. Since it has different and delicious flavors, wonton is deeply loved by Foshan people. 

4打边炉 Hot pot

此外，由于冬至已到寒冷季节，因此许多佛山人在这天“打边炉”吃生鱼。一家人团聚，打边炉取暖，想吃什么夹什么，其乐融融！每年一到冬至，佛山大大小小的餐馆会家家爆满，佛山人会举家团聚、大鱼大肉地吃上一顿，以祈求来年能鸿运当头。

On the winter solstice, the Foshan family is reunited to have hot pot and enjoy themselves! Every year when the winter solstice comes, large and small restaurants in Foshan will be full of customers.

5九大簋 Nine dishes of delicacy

每逢冬至，南海大沥平地村的黄氏大宗祠便会举行冬祭。冬祭仪式过后，族人同吃“九大簋”，“九大簋”包括“三硬”（白切鸡、烧肉、烧鸭）、“三扣”（扣肉、扣鸭、扣蚝）、“三小炒”（炒虾米、酸菜炒猪肠、鱼丸炒时菜）。午宴后，还会进行“太公分猪肉”环节，参与祭祖的所有族人均可以分得烧肉，60岁以上长者还可多领一份，以表尊老敬老、添福添寿之意。

During the winter solstice, the Huang’s Ancestral Hall in Pingdi Village, Nanhai will hold a winter festival. After the winter ceremony, and people will eat “nine dishes of delicacy”, including sliced cold chicken, roasted pork, roasted duck, braised pork, braised duck, braised oyster, fried shrimp, sauerkraut fried with pig intestines, fish balls fried with vegetable.

冬至起，盘点即将过去的一年得失。

春节将至，又将播种新的希望。

你是如何度过冬至的呢？

How are you going to spend the winter solstice?

来源：顺德发布、佛山档案、佛山新闻网

编译：Jessica、Gary